Sun Exposure: UV rays stimulate excess melanin production, leading to dark spots or patches.
Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions like melasma are often linked to hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy or menopause.
Aging: Over time, the skin’s regenerative ability decreases, leading to visible pigmentation.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation: Skin injuries or inflammation, such as acne or cuts, can leave dark marks.
Genetics: A family history of pigmentation issues can increase susceptibility.